As of August 24, 2023, new requirements regarding the use of diisocyanates in both industrial and commercial settings came into effect. These changes were introduced by Regulation (EU) No. 2020/1149, amending Annex XVII of the REACH Regulation. From this date onward, diisocyanates with a concentration exceeding 0.1% (whether individually or in total) can no longer be used unless employers ensure that industrial or professional users complete specific training on the safe use of diisocyanates before beginning their work with these substances.
WHAT ARE DIISOCYANATES
Diisocyanates are organic chemical compounds used in the production of polyurethanes, which are found in products such as foams (both rigid and flexible), coatings, adhesives, sealants, and elastomers. Exposure to diisocyanates occurs during the handling of liquid or paste-like polyurethane materials, whether applied via spraying, brushing, or rolling. Once polyurethane products cure, diisocyanates are no longer present.
Diisocyanates are widely used across various industries, particularly where materials with high mechanical strength, chemical resistance, flexibility, and thermal and acoustic insulation properties are needed. They are used in the manufacture of sports footwear, soles, pads, and various parts and accessories due to their durability and elasticity. In the automotive industry, diisocyanates are essential for producing upholstery, dashboards, seat cushions, interior components, and coatings applied to car bodies.
Key Products Utilizing Diisocyanates:
Used in the production of rubber-like materials, such as forklift tires, industrial rollers, seals, and other components requiring flexibility and mechanical strength.
Diisocyanates are utilized in polyurethane paints and coatings that offer high resistance to abrasion, UV radiation, chemicals, and varying weather conditions. These coatings are often applied to metals, wood, plastics, and concrete, as seen in the automotive, aerospace, and construction industries.
Used as thermal and acoustic insulation in buildings or appliances like refrigerators and freezers, as well as in industrial equipment requiring efficient insulation.
Employed in bonding various materials such as wood, metal, plastics, fabrics, or leather. These adhesives offer high strength and flexibility and are used in industries like furniture, automotive, and footwear manufacturing.
Found in furniture production (e.g., sofa and chair cushions), mattresses, car seats, carpet underlay, and protective packaging.
Diisocyanates are used in the production of lightweight and durable composite materials, which are applied in boat building, aircraft manufacturing, and other vehicles requiring high mechanical performance.
During the use of these products, diisocyanates may be released, exposing users to potential health risks. However, when appropriate safety measures are taken, their use is considered safe. This is why new European regulations mandate that individuals working with diisocyanates undergo proper training on their safe handling.
Changes to the REACH Regulation: What They Mean and the Associated Obligations
On August 3, 2020, the European Commission introduced stricter regulations under the REACH Regulation to limit the use of polyurethane adhesives and sealants containing more than 0.1% free diisocyanate. In practice, this means that, from February 24, 2022, manufacturers must clearly label products containing over 0.1% diisocyanates. These compounds are widely used in the industry for producing foams, coatings, adhesives, sealants, and elastomers, but they pose health risks, particularly to the respiratory system and skin. Under Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (CLP), diisocyanates are classified as substances capable of causing severe allergic reactions.
the implementation of regulation (eu) no. 2020/1149 is being carried out in two stages
From February 24, 2022, diisocyanates cannot be placed on the market as standalone substances, components of other substances, or mixtures used in industrial and professional applications if their concentration exceeds 0.1% by weight. The exception is if suppliers provide recipients with appropriate information about the obligation to undergo training in the safe use of these substances. Additionally, suppliers must include a warning on the packaging stating: "As of August 24, 2023, proper training is required before industrial or professional use," which must be clearly separated from other information on the label.
From August 24, 2023, the use of diisocyanates in their standalone form, as components of other substances, or in mixtures for industrial and professional purposes is prohibited unless their concentration does not exceed 0.1% by weight. Alternatively, industrial and professional users may use these substances if they complete appropriate training on safe handling prior to starting work.
Training: The Key Component of the New Regulations
According to the new regulations, the responsibility for ensuring training falls on employers or self-employed individuals. The training must be provided by qualified professionals and properly documented upon completion. It should be repeated at least once every five years to maintain a high level of safety in working with diisocyanates.
Importantly, suppliers are required to provide training courses and materials in the official languages of the countries where the products containing diisocyanates are sold. These materials must be tailored to the specific substances supplied, taking into account factors such as composition, packaging, and application. All these requirements are outlined in Restriction No. 74 of Annex XVII of the REACH Regulation.
The goal of these changes is not only to reduce the risk of workers being exposed to health hazards from using products containing diisocyanates but also to ensure long-term workplace health protection, particularly in industries where these substances are widely used. It is estimated that these measures could prevent more than 3,000 cases of occupational asthma annually across the European Union.
Need Training? Contact Us!
Ecothesis offers professional training on the safe use of diisocyanates in accordance with the latest European regulations. Our courses are conducted by qualified chemical management specialists, and upon completion, participants receive certificates verifying their acquired skills.
We encourage you to take advantage of our services to ensure your employees' safety and your company's compliance with current regulations.